Problems and Countermeasures of fire water supply

Problems and Countermeasures of fire water supply in urban large-scale fire fighting

in the process of human fighting against fire, water has always been regarded as the most commonly used and effective fire extinguishing agent. With the development of science and technology in China, the emergence of new materials, the construction of high-rise buildings, the development of a large number of oil fields, the situation of fire sites is becoming increasingly complex, and the difficulty of fire water supply has also increased. Fire fighting practice has proved that the quality of water supply at the fire site directly affects the success or failure of fire fighting.

I. main problems of urban fire water supply

(I) insufficient water source of fire water supply

many cities in China have the problem of insufficient water source of fire water supply. Once a major fire accident occurs, the water supply near the fire point is insufficient, and the fire truck must not go far to fetch water, delaying the time of fire fighting, which is one of the main reasons for increasing fire losses, At present, urban fire water supply pipes and municipal water supply pipes are shared in China. The main source of fire water supply is municipal fire hydrants, but many cities lack water supply capacity and domestic water, resulting in no reliable guarantee of fire water. In many areas of the city, there is no fire water supply. With the rapid development of cities, the phenomenon of water shortage will continue for a long time in the future. At the same time, the water pressure in many urban pipes is insufficient, and sometimes the pressure at the end of the pipe is only 0, 10mpa---0, 20MPa. Another source of fire water supply is the fire pool and fire water tank of the building, but the current "high standard" stipulates that the sum of indoor and outdoor fire water consumption of the fire hydrant water supply system of high-rise buildings is 70L/s. According to the statistical data of fire water consumption in large and medium-sized cities in China, the average water consumption of the largest fire in high-rise buildings is 80l/s, so the water consumption of 70l/s is obviously small, which is quite different from the figure of 170-368l/s or 250-325l/s in developed countries, and there is also a large difference with the actual fire water consumption, resulting in a serious shortage of water storage in the pool of the length and cross-sectional area after the fracture of the fire measurement.

(II) poor fire-fighting facilities and poor daily maintenance and management

in many cities, the structure of water supply pipes is unreasonable, the pipe diameter is too small and does not form a ring, the safety of water supply is poor, and pipe explosion accidents occur frequently, which is not conducive to fire water supply. With the rapid development of cities, water consumption has increased sharply, but the bulletproof plug plate of urban water supply pipes can reach or even exceed the bulletproof effect of traditional products only by 17 mm. The transformation speed is slow, Lead to unreliable fire water supply. Once a fire happens in the burst area, it will inevitably have a negative impact on the fire water supply. The fire water supply pipe is poorly managed, with serious scaling on the inner wall and poor water delivery capacity, which cannot meet the requirements of fire water supply.

the number of municipal fire hydrants in cities is generally insufficient, resulting in a lack of fire water sources. In the past, the lesson of many fires is that there is no fire hydrant near the fire point. The specification stipulates that the distance between fire hydrants shall not exceed 120m, and fire hydrants shall be set within 50m at the intersection. The number of fire hydrants in the city cannot meet the requirements of the specification. With the rapid development of the city, the construction speed of fire hydrants is slow and can not keep up with the development speed of the city. In addition to the insufficient number of fire hydrants, the layout of fire hydrants is not 1. Regularly check whether the connecting line of the rear panel of the controller can contact well and evenly, and there is a situation that there is no fire hydrant in a large area of the city. Many fire hydrants are insufficient, resulting in a lack of fire water supply. Once a fire occurs, it will inevitably affect the fire water supply, which often leads to a small fire into a fire, causing unnecessary casualties or property damage. Understand these five points before purchasing the tensile testing machine. At the same time, the daily management of the fire hydrant is poor, resulting in the corrosion of the fire hydrant and a high damage rate. Once a fire breaks out, if the fire hydrant near the fire point has not been repaired, it will inevitably affect the fire water supply.

the public fire water pool in the city and the fire water storage pool in the building are also one of the fire water sources. Due to poor daily management, in many cases, due to lack of funds, the fire water pool cannot be cleaned and maintained regularly, so that it cannot be put into use in case of fire. Fire fighting passages in cities are imperfect or not at all, which often leads to the failure of fire engines to extinguish the fire normally.

the maintenance and management of urban fire water supply facilities is very important, but it is also the most headache. Because the probability of using the fire water supply system is very low, the fire-fighting facilities are easy to corrode when they are not used for a long time, but the fire-fighting facilities must be kept in the best state at all times and ready to be put into use at any time. With the improvement of fire-fighting level, the fire-fighting system is getting higher and higher. At present, the maintenance and management of fire-fighting facilities in cities are very poor. When a fire occurs, the situation that fire-fighting facilities cannot be put into use often exists.